Hello,
I have no first hand experience with your model but I have a lot of experience and I also stayed at a Holiday Inn Express recently.
There should be a steel sleeve within the bushing to act as a positive stop for the bolt and nut to clamp against. If the sleeve is there but too short, the added washers can help loosen the nut.
Sometimes instead of a sleeve, a positive stop is provided by a shoulder on the bolt near where the threads end and the unthreaded shank begins.
Either way, the sleeve or shank (step/shoulder to head) should be as long as the width of the bushes.
With a step shank versus a sleeve, washers reduce the effective length of the shank.
After that, jamb nuts, a new nyloc or other prevailing torque fastener such as a nord loc should work great!
A pic of the hardware or exploded view of the assembly may shed more light.